Seminars / Lectures
New Report by IITM Scientists
1. Assessment of Tropical cyclone tracking algorithms for the north Indian Ocean
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2. Comprehensive Assessment of Tropical Cyclones over the Indian Ocean
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IITM e-Newsletter
1. Inauguration of 3D-Printed Automatic Weather Station (3D-PAWS)
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Bharat Forecast System
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High resolution air quality forecast at 400 meter over Delhi
Air quality forecast at 10 km over India
IITM Publication Highlights
Dynamics and future projections of Indian forest carbon stocks under different emission pathways using CMIP6 and LPJ-GUESS
In this study, we examine how the carbon stored in living forest vegetation across India may change in a warming climate. We find that forest carbon is projected to increase across all major forest regions of India through this century, but not uniformly. The largest gains are projected over the Desert and Semi-Arid regions, followed by the Trans-Himalaya, Indo-Gangetic Plain, and Deccan Peninsula, while the Western Ghats, Northeast, and Himalayan regions show comparatively smaller increases. The study suggests that future warmer conditions, and in many regions wetter conditions, together with rising CO₂, can support higher carbon storage in India’s forests, though with strong regional differences. An important finding of the study is that rainfall variability plays a stronger national-scale role than temperature in shaping these changes in forest carbon, with effects that can unfold over a few years rather than immediately. The results highlight the importance of region-specific forest and climate strategies under a warming world.
Fitha F.J., Mathew M., Deb Burman P.K., Chaudhary N., Chaturvedi R.K., Lekshmi M.S., Roxy M.K., Environmental Research: Climate, 5, April 2026, DOI:10.1088/2752-5295/ae4f15, 1-18
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Experimental investigation of the structure of plane turbulent wall jets. Part 2. Structural analysis
This paper highlights a new understanding of plane turbulent wall jet flow, which is used as a model for atmospheric low-level jets. Traditionally, wall jet flow is considered as a two-layer flow with a turbulent boundary layer below the mean velocity maximum and a free jet region above it. The present study, using long field-of-view particle image velocimetry measurements, shows that large-scale jet structures (outer jet mode) present above the mean velocity maximum extend even below this region and act as non-local eddies that interact with the locally-present inner jet mode leading to the counter-gradient momentum transport below velocity maximum. The study also confirms the presence of long jet-scale coherent structures (inner jet mode) in the near-wall region of the wall jet flow.
Choudhary H., Gupta A., Bhatt S., Prabhakaran Thara, Karipot A., Dixit S.A., Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1034: A19, April 2026, DOI:10.1017/jfm.2026.11495
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Robust Increase in Indian Summer Monsoon Intraseasonal Variability in a Warmer Climate
This study utilizes downscaled and bias-corrected historical simulations and projections from 17 CMIP6 models to investigate the future evolution of ISOs. Our findings reveal a twofold increase in ISO variability over India in the far future under the very high emissions scenario, raising critical concerns about its adverse socioeconomic impacts. Our analysis suggests that the increased magnitude of precipitation anomalies associated with northward-propagating ISOs may intensify active monsoon spells, potentially triggering extreme rainfall events. Additionally, the phase speed of these northward-propagating ISOs over the Bay of Bengal is projected to accelerate owing to weakened air–sea coupling and feedback. This acceleration reduces the northwest–southeast tilt of the precipitation band, altering the spatial structure of the ISOs. Concurrently, the strengthening of circulation–precipitation feedback and warming of the Indian Ocean are projected to enhance the phase speed of monsoon ISOs, leading to more frequent active spells. This study underscores the critical role of regional ocean–atmosphere feedback in shaping future ISO characteristics, highlighting the urgent need for improved understanding and prediction of these changes in the context of a warming climate.
Konda G., Chowdary J.S., Gnanaseelan C., Lee J.-Y., Parekh A., Vissa N.K., Phani M.K.R., Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 43, May 2026, DOI:10.1007/s00376-025-5031-3, 1079-1091
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Seasonal forecasts of marine heat waves using Monsoon Mission Climate ForecaSt system
This study evaluates the prediction skill of marine heatwaves (MHWs) in the Indian Ocean and surrounding basins using the Monsoon Mission Coupled Forecast System version 1 (MMCFSv1) for the period 1982–2017. MHWs are detected using the 90th percentile SST threshold from the full ensemble distribution across model members. Forecast skill is assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and Mean Squared Skill Score (MSSS) for various lead times and initial conditions. Results show that seasonal forecasts possess good forecast skill across key regions, including the Western Arabian Sea, the North Bay of Bengal, and the North-East Pacific, particularly during the March-April-May (MAM) and June-July-August (JJA) seasons. Ensemble-based thresholds better capture the spatial and temporal variability of MHWs. The highest skill is observed with initializations in February and March, while later months show a gradual decline in performance. This study highlights the importance of ensemble spread in capturing MHW extremes and provides a robust framework for enhancing seasonal MHW forecasts. The findings contribute to advancing climate-resilient planning and marine hazard mitigation strategies in the Indian Ocean basin.
Alone A., Srivastava A., Rao S.A., Pradhan M., Geetanjali S., Soni A., Joseph S., Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 157: 274, April 2026, DOI:10.1007/s00704-026-06218-7, 1-17
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Vertical Turbulence Asymmetry in a Winter Fog Event over New Delhi: Evidence from WiFEX and WRF-LES
This study examines the vertical structure of turbulence and its role in fog evolution over New Delhi, combining high-frequency WiFEX observations with high-resolution WRF–LES simulations. Findings shows that Fog formation is not purely surface-driven; instead, it exhibits aloft-assisted, volumetric condensation within a shallow layer (~20–130 m). A persistently elevated inversion leads to a semi-decoupled boundary layer, suppressing near-surface mixing. Enhanced turbulence near the fog top sustains moisture transport and prolongs fog duration. The fog layer is maintained through a balance between radiative cooling and shear-driven turbulence aloft. Fog dissipation occurs via dual-layer re-coupling, where surface heating and shear-driven mixing erode the inversion. The WRF–LES framework successfully captures the observed turbulence structure and fog lifecycle, highlighting limitations of conventional PBL schemes. These findings provide a process-based perspective on fog dynamics over the Indo-Gangetic Plain and emphasise the importance of resolving vertical turbulence structure.
Choudhury P., Wagh S., Ghude S.D., Boundary Layer Meteorology, 192: 28, April 2026, DOI:10.1007/s10546-026-00974-9, 1-21
Read MoreNew Publications
Performance of WRF double-moment microphysics schemes in simulating pre-monsoon rainfall across diverse coastal climatic regions of India
UmakanthN., Biswasharma R., Parde A.N., Yadav P.P., Naveena N., Niyogi D., Lal D.M., Pawar S.D., Atmospheric Research, 336, June 2026, DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2026.108860, 1-25
Assessment of Ionic Species in Rainwater During the Summer Monsoon Season at Three Different Locations in India
Bisht D.S., Srivastava Atul K., Rajabhoj S., Ram K., Singh Vivek, Payra S., Tiwari S., Srivastava M.K., Singh, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 237: 891, May 2026, DOI:!0.1007/s11270-026-09532-y, 1-17
Strengthening the teleconnection pathway: Improving ISMR predictability through the West North Pacific in the coupled model
Pathak V.N., Das Renu S., Jain D.K., Alone A., Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 114: 101665, June 2026, DOI:10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2026.101665, 1-14
Health risks and oxidative toxicity of size-resolved PAHs in fine and ultrafine particles from a megacity atmosphere
Rao M.N., Pipal A.S., Rakesh P.S, Nair M.M., Mukherjee A., Vispute A.S, Sharma H., Sharma P., Nivdange S.S., Roy C., Panicker A.S., Ghude S.D., Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 19: 89, April 2026, DOI:10.1007/s11869-026-01946-1, 1-19
IITM Events
Workshop on Indian Ocean-Monsoon Climate: Annual to Decadal Variability, Mechanisms, and Predictability
(19-22 May 2026)
The workshop aims to enhance understanding of annual to decadal climate variability, focusing on the Indian Ocean and the Indian summer monsoon. Key outcomes include improved scientific insight, interdisciplinary collaboration, identification of research gaps, and practical recommendations for advancing prediction frameworks.
‘Climate Startup’ IITM Incubation Centre
(15 May 2026)
The IITM, Pune, inaugurated its Incubation Center for Startups in Weather and Climate, during the national meet ‘Weather and Climate Innovation Meet for Startups and Entrepreneurs (WISE-2026)’. This event marked a significant step towards private-sector integration in India's meteorological services.
Urban Testbed and Aerosol Observatory in Chennai
(06 May 2026)
IITM has established A state-of-the-art Urban Testbed and Aerosol Observatory under the 'Mission Mausam' initiative at the SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST) in Ramapuram, Chennai. MoU between IITM and SRMIST has been signed.
X-Band Dual-Polarization Doppler Weather Radar
(24 April 2026)
A state-of-the-art SSPA-based X-band Dual-Polarization Doppler Weather Radar was inaugurated at the HACPL, Mahabaleshwar under Mission Mausam.
A MoU was signed between SAC, ISRO, and IITM to co-develop advanced satellite-based meteorological products.