आईआईटीएम
IITM

60. Ghosh, R., Vaidya, P. R., Domkawale, M. A., Pawar, S. D., & Gopalakrishnan, V., Change in convection and thunderstorm occurrences over the Indian subcontinent during the COVID-19 pandemic, Environmental Research Letters, 20(9), September 2025, DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/adf863, 094032,

59. Gangane A, Pawar S.D., Varikoden H., Gopalakrishnan V., Lal D.M., The Role of Dust Aerosols in Increasing Positive Cloud to Ground Lightning Activity over Western India (Maharashtra), Atmospheric Environment, 360, July 2025, DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121420

58. Gangane A., Priyadarshini P., Pawar S.D., Syed H.A., Biswasharma R., Gopalakrishnan V., Lal D.M., Falling trend of winter lightning over western India and its possible relation with western disturbances, Earth and Space Science, 12: e2024EA003726, April 2025, DOI:10.1029/2024EA003726, 1-19

57. Biswasharma R., Domkawale M.A., Ghosh R., Gangane A., Umakanth N., Sunil Kumar, Gopalakrishnan V., Pawar S.D., DiGangi E., Deshpande S.M., Samanta D., Sharma S., Assessment of the Indian Lightning Location Network (ILLN) using ground-based and satellite observations, Atmospheric Research, 320: 108069, July 2025, DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108069, 1-15

56. Biswasharma R., Pramanik G.P., Umakanth N., Longkumer I., Pongener I., Konwar M., Debajyoti S., Lal D.M., Gopalakrishnan V., Pawar S.D., Kamra A.K., Sharma S., Evaluating thunderstorm characteristics and air quality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Northeastern and Eastern India, Atmospheric Research, 320: 108053, July 2025, DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108053, 1-19

55. Kokilavani S., Geethalakshmi V., Ramanathan S.P., Pawar S.D., Gopalakrishnan V., Mahapatra S., Dhangar J.C., Dheebakaran G., Sathyamoorthy N.K., Kumar M.S., Kumar S. M., Domkawale M.A., Thermodynamics link with lightning incidents in Tamil Nadu, India, Journal of Earth System Science, 134: 6, March 2025, DOI:10.1007/s12040-024-02468-z, 1-10

54. Unnikrishnan C.K., Malavika G.R., Shukla A.K., Raj V.C.M., Gopalakrishnan V., Pawar S.D., Analysis of tropical cloud-to-ground and intra-cloud lightning activity in southern India, Journal of Earth System Science, 133: 237, November 2024, DOI:10.1007/s12040-024-02420-1, 1-13

53. Prasanna K., Gopalakrishnan V., Biswasharma Rupraj, Pawar S.D., Empirical orthogonal function analysis of lightning flashes over India, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar Terrestrial Physics, 262: 106311, September 2024, DOI:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106311, 1-13

52. Gangane A., Priyadarshini P., Pawar S.D., Gopalakrishnan V., Syed H.A., Dhangar J., Impact of decreasing land–sea horizontal pressure gradient on the lightning activity over western India, International Journal of Climatology, 44, August 2024, DOI:10.1002/joc.8542, 3641-3654

51. Lal D.M., Umakanth N., Domkawale M.A., Gopalakrishnan V., Srivastava M.K., Pawar S.D., Association of lightning with LCL, EL, humidity at 850 mb and at 200 mb during various CAPE, over northern India, Science of The Total Environment, 915: 169947,March 2024, DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169947, 1-12

50. Prasanna K., Gopalakrishnan V., Pawar S.D., Trends of lightning flash density over India during different seasons, International Journal of Climatology, 44, April 2024, DOI:10.1002/joc.8400, 1587-1610

49. Biswasharma R., Umakanth N., Pongener I., Longkumer I., Mohan Rao K.M., Pawar S.D., Gopalakrishnan V., Sharma S., Sensitivity analysis of cumulus and microphysics schemes in the WRF model in simulating Extreme Rainfall Events over the hilly terrain of Nagaland, Atmospheric Research, 304: 107393, July 2024, DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107393, 1-14

48. Victor J.N., Potdar S.S., Siingh D., Gokul T., Kamra A.K., Singh R.P., Gopalakrishnan V., Pandithurai G., Impact of a severe dust storm on aerosol properties and their radiative forcing over the Indian subcontinent during winter, Atmospheric Research, 301: 107282, May 2024, DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107282, 1-15

47. Srivastava A., Kundu S.S., Pawar S.D., Gogoi R.B., Chakravorty A., Chhari A., Gopalakrishnan V., Aggarwal S.P., Evaluation of WRF-ELEC model to forecast lightning over the North Eastern region of India, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 135: 39, June 2023, DOI:10.1007/s00703-023-00977-y, 1-10

46. Toropova M.L., Sin’kevich A.A., Pawar S.D., Gopalakrishnan V., Mikhailovskii Yu. P., Characteristics of Thunderstorms during the Monsoon and Post-monsoon Seasons in India, Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 47, August 2022, DOI:10.3103/S1068373922080088, 620-628

45. Parde A.N., Dhangar N.G., Nivdange S., Ghude S.D., Pithani P., Jena C., Lal D.M., Gopalakrishnan V., The analysis of pre‑monsoon dust storm over Delhi using ground‑based observations, Natural Hazards, 112, May 2022, DOI:10.1007/s11069-022-05207-z, 829–844

44. Jnanesh S.P., Lal D.M., Gopalakrishnan V., Ghude S.D., Pawar S.D., Tiwari Suresh, Srivastava M.K., Lightning characteristics over humid regions and arid regions and their association with aerosols over Northern India, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 179, April 2022, DOI:10.1007/s00024-022-02981-6, 1403–1419

43. Lal D.M., Mahakur M., Gopalakrishnan V., Srivastava M.K., Ghude S.D., Pawar S.D., Lightning over Tibetan Plateau and its relation with winds associated with CAPE, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 134: 93, September 2022, DOI:10.1007/s00703-022-00930-5, 1-14

42. Mudiar D., Pawar S.D., Hazra A., Gopalakrishnana V., Lal D.M., Chakravarty Kaustav, Domkawale M.A., Srivastava M.K., Goswami B.N., William E., Lightning and precipitation: The possible electrical modification of observed raindrop size distributions, Atmospheric Research, 259: 105663, September 2021, DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105663, 1-17

41. Sin’kevich A.A., Boe B., Pawar S.D., Kurov A.B., Gopalakrishnan V., Investigation of Radar and Electrical Characteristics of Thunderclouds Seeded with a Glaciogenic Reagent in Karnataka, India, Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 46, August 2021, DOI:10.3103/S1068373921080069, 545–552

40. Unnikrishnan C.K., Pawar S., Gopalakrishnan V., Satellite-observed lightning hotspots in India and lightning variability over tropical South India, Advances in Space Research, 68, August 2021, DOI:10.1016/j.asr.2021.04.009, 1690-1705

39. Sin’kevich A., Boe B., Pawar S.D., Yang J., Abshaev A., Dovgaluk Y., Gekkieva J., Gopalakrishnan V., Kurov A., Mikhailovskii Y., Toropova M., Veremei N., Investigation of thundercloud features in different regions, Remote Sensing, 13, August 2021, DOI:10.3390/rs13163216, 1-19

38. Mudiar D., Pawar S.D., Gopalakrishnan V., Williams E., Electric field enlarges raindrops beneath electrified clouds: Observational evidence, Geophysical Research Letters, 48: e2021GL093577, July 2021, DOI:10.1029/2021GL093577, 1-10

37. Gopalakrishnan V., Pawar S.D., Domkawale M.A., Charging processes during the dissipation stage of thunderstorms, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 133, June 2021, DOI:10.1007/s00703-020-00755-0, 467-478

36. Sin'kevich A. A., Popov V.B., Abshaev A.M., Boe B.A., Pawar S.D., Mikhailovskii Yu. P., Toropova M.L., Gopalakrishnan V., Gekkieva Zh. M., Radar Characteristics of Convective Clouds during Transition to the Cumulonimbus Stage in Different Regions of the World, Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics, 34, March 2021, 135-140

35. Sin’kevich A.A., Boe B., Mikhailovskii Y.P., Dovgalyuk Y.A., Veremei N.E., Gopalakrishnan V., Murugavel P., Pawar S.D., Investigation of Cu cong seeding effect during rainfall augmentation in India, Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 43, April 2018, 209-217

34. Mudiar D., Pawar S.D., Hazra A., Konwar M., Gopalakrishnan V., Srivastava M.K., Goswami B.N., Quantification of observed electrical effect on the raindrop size distribution in Tropical Clouds, Journal of Geophysical Research, 123, April 2018, DOI:10.1029/2017JD028205, 1-18

33. Chate D.M., Waghmare R.T., Jena C.K., Gopalakrishnan V., Murugavel P., Ghude S.D., Kulkarni Rachana, Devara P.C.S., Cloud Condensation Nuclei over the Bay of Bengal during the Indian Summer Monsoon, Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 35, February 2018, DOI:10.1007/s00376-017-6331-z, 218-223

32. Chate D.M., Waghmare R.T., Gopalakrishnan V., Murugavel P., Ghude S.D., Cloud Condensation Nuclei activity in the tropical marine regions during Indian southwest monsoon, Journal of Aerosol Science, 114, December 2017, DOI:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2017.09.022, 276–282

31. Pawar S.D., Gopalakrishnan V., Murugavel P., Veremey N.E., Sinkevich A.A., Possible role of aerosols in the charge structure of isolated thunderstorms, Atmospheric Research, 183, September 2017, DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.09.016, 331–340

30. Sin’kevich A.A., Dovgalyuk Yu. A., Veremei N.E., Kurov A.B., Mikhailovskii Yu. P., Bogdanov E.V., Toropova M.L., Ignat’ev A.A., Adzhiev A.Kh., Malkarova A.M., Abshaev A.M., Gopalakrishnan V., Murugavel P., Pawar S.D., Investigations of the development of thunderstorm with hail. Part 3. Numerical simulation of cloud evolution, Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 42, August 2017, DOI:10.3103/S1068373917080027, 494-502

29. Mikhailovskii Yu.P., Sin’kevich A.A., Pawar S.D., Gopalkrishanan V., Dovgalyuk Yu. A., Veremei N.E., Bogdanov E.V., Kurov A.B., Adzhiev A.Kh., Malkarova A.M., Abshaev A.M., Investigations of the development of thunderstorm with hail. Part 2. Analysis of methods for the forecast and diagnosis of the electrical properties of clouds, Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 42, June 2017, DOI:10.3103/S1068373917060036, 377-387

28. Veremei N.E., Dovgalyuk Yu. A., Gopalakrishnan V., Komarovskrikh K.F., Murugavel P., Pawar S.D., Sinkevich A.A., Studying the effects of severe Aerosol Pollution of the atmosphere on the dynamics of cumulonimbus cloud charge structure by Numerical Modeling, Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 40, September 2015, DOI:10.3103/S1068373915120018, 777-786

27. Pawar S.D., Gopalakrishnan V., Murugavel P., Role of orography in inducing high lightning flash rate at the foothills of Himalaya, Earth, Planets and Space, 67:51, April 2015, DOI:10.1186/s40623-015-0221-3, 1-7

26. Sinkevich A. A., Krauss T. W., Pavar S. D., Veremei N. E., Dovgalyu Yu. A. k, Kurov A. B., Gopalakrishnan V., Investigation of the effects of high atmospheric aerosol pollution on the development of the high-depth cumulonimbus cloud, Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 39, September 2014, 577-589

25. Murugavel P., Pawar S.D., Gopalakrishan V., Climatology of lightning over Indian region and its relationship with convective available potential energy, International Journal of Climatology, 34, September 2014, DOI:10.1002/joc.3901, 3179-3187

24. Pawar S.D., Gopalakrishnan V., Murugavel P., Sinkevich A., Lal D.M., Effects of environmental conditions on inducing charge structures of thunderstorms over Eastern India, Earth, Planets and Space, 66, June 2014, DOI:10.1186/1880-5981-66-54, 1-23

23. Siingh D., Singh R.P., Gopalakrishnan V., Selvaraj C., Panneerselvam C., Fair-weather atmospheric electricity study at Maitri (Antarctica), Earth, Planets and Space, 65, December 2013, DOI:10.5047/eps.2013.09.011, 1541-1553

22. Nagaraja K., Pawar S.D., Murugavel P., Gopalakrishnan V., Electrical conductivity of the stratosphere, Mapana Journal of Sciences, 12, January 2013, 39-48

21. Murugavel P., Pawar S.D., Gopalakrishnan V., Trends of Convective Available Potential Energy over the Indian region and its effect on rainfall, International Journal of Climatology, 32, July 2012, DOI: 10.1002/joc.2359, 1362-1372

20. Pawar S.D., Gopalakrishnan V., Possible Source of Intermediate Ions overMarine Environment, The Scientific World Journal, 2012, June 2012, DOI:10.1100/2012/425838, ID 425838, 1-8

19. Siingh D., Gopalakrishnan V., Gautam A.S., Singh R.P., Estimation of aerosol size distribution from ion mobility spectra using the KL model, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 32, November 2011, 6783-6798

18. Devi J.J., Tripathi S.N., Gupta T., Singh B.N., Gopalakrishnan V., Dey Sagnik, Observation-based 3-D view of aerosol radiative properties over Indian Continental Tropical Convergence Zone: implications to regional climate, Tellus - B, 63, October 2011, DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0889.2011.00580.x, 971-989

17. Pawar S.D., Murugavel P., Gopalakrishnan V., New particle formation by ion-induced nucleation during dissipation stage of thunderstorm, Journal of Earth System Science, 120, October 2011, 843–850

16. Kamsali N., Pawar S.D., Murugavel P., Gopalakrishnan V., Estimation of small ion concentration near the Earths surface, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar Terrestrial Physics, 73, October 2011, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2011.07.011, 2345-2351

15. Gopalakrishnan V., Pawar S.D., Murugavel P., Johare K.P., Electrical characteristics of thunderstorms in the Eastern part of India, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar Terrestrial Physics, 73, August 2011, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2011.04.022, 1876-1882

14. Pawar S.D., Murugavel P., Gopalakrishnan V., Anomalous electric field changes and high flash rate beneath a thunderstorm in northeast India, Journal of Earth System Science, 119, October 2010, 617-625

13. Kulkarni M.N., Pawar S.D., Murugavel P., Gopalakrishnan V., Diurnal variation of surface currents at tropical station, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar Terrestrial Physics, 72, January 2010, 77-82

12. P Murugavel , V Gopalakrishnan ,   Pant Vimlesh and A K Kamra ,Airborne Measurements of submicron aerosols across the coastline at Bhubaneswar during ICARB, J. Ear. Sys. Sci., 117, 2008.

11. Devendraa Siingh, V Gopalakrishnan, R.P. Singh, A.K. Kamra, Shubha Singh, Vimlesh Pant, R. Singh and A. K. Singh, The atmospheric global electric circuit-An overview,Atmos. Research, 82, 91-110, 2007.

10. Gopalakrishnan, V., S. D. Pawar, Devendraa Siingh, and A. K. Kamra,Intermediateion formation in the ship’s exhaust, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L18, 06, doi:10.1029/2005G L022613, 2006

9. Devendraa Siingh, S.D. Pawar, V. Gopalakrishnan and A. K. Kamra,Measurements of the ion concentrations and conductivity over the Arabian Sea during the ARMEX, J. Geophys. Res.,110, D18, 207, doi:10/1029/2005/JD005765, 2005

8. S D Pawar, Devendraa Siingh, V Gopalakrishnan and A K Kamra,The effect of the onset of southwest monsoon on the atmospheric electric conductivity over the Arabian Sea, J. Geophys. Res., 110 , D10204, doi: 10.1029/2004JD005689, 2005

7. Murugavel P., Gopalakrishnan V., Kamra A. K. ,Airborne measurements of the size distribution of submicron aerosols over the Arabian Sea during ARMEX- Phase I, Mausam, 56, 301-314, 2005

6. Devendraa Siingh, R P Siingh, A K Kamra, P N Gupta, R Singh, V Gopalakrishnan and A K Singh,Review of electromagnetic coupling between the Earth’s atmosphere and the space environment, Journal of Atmospheric & Solar Terrestrial Physics, 67, 1364-1386, 2005

5. Kamra.A.K,Murugavel.P,Pawar.S.D and Gopalakrishnan.V, Background aerosol concentration derived from the atmospheric electric conductivity measurements made over the Indian Ocean during INDOEX, Journal of Geophysical Research, 106, 2001, 28643-28652

4. Gopalakrishnan.V and Kamra.A.K, Estimate of the background aerosol pollution from the electrical conductivity measurements in the Indian Ocean, Vayu Mandal, 29, 1999, 230-233

3. Kamra.A.K,Deshpande.C.G,Gopalakrishnan.V, Effect of relative humidity of the electrical conductivity of marine air, Quarterly Journal of Royal Meteorological Society, 123, 1997, 1295-1305

2. Gopalakrishnan.V, Deshpande.C.G, Kamra.A.K, Measurements of atmospheric electric field and conductivity in the locality of gas well flame, Geophyical Research Letters, 23, 1996, 3615-3618

1. Kamra.A.K, Deshpande.C.G, Gopalakrishnan .V, Challenge to the assumption of the unitary diurnal variation of the atmospheric electric field based on observations in the Indian Ocean, Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 1994, 21043-21050